Incubator



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(NOModel.)

H. R. DAVIS.

INGUBATOR.

Patented May 1, 1894.

144mm 04W IJVT/'ENTOR .Elftor-neg.

(No Model.)

H. R. DAVIS.

INUUBATOB..

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WITNESSES UNTTED STATES PATENT Ormea.

HUBER R. DAVIS,`OF CARDINGTON, OHIO.

iNcuBAToR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of LettersPatentI N o. 519,244, dated May 1,1894.

Application filed August 31, 1893. Serial No. 484,459. (No model.)

.To a/ZZ whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, HUBER R. DAVIS, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Oardington, in the county of Morrow and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inIncubators g and I do de` clare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of theinventiomsuch as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

`Figure l is a front elevation of incubator, with door of egg chamber open, and runway extended and unfolded. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of incubator. Fig. 3 is a plan view,

with both covers removed. Fig. et is a section on the line --0c, Fig. l. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section through egg holder, and turner. Fig. 6 is an elevation of the rear end piece of runway. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of water pan and pivoted support, with heating pipe shown extended down into pan.

This invention has relation to certain new and useful improvements in incubators, the objects being, iirst, to provide an improved arrangement and construction of means for supplying the necessary heat; second, to improve the construction and arrangement of the egg chamber and egg holding and turning devices; third, to providea broeder in connection with the incubator, and finally to improve the general arrangement and construction' of parts, as will hereinafter appear. With these objects in view the invention consists in the novel construction and combination of parts all as hereinafter described and pointed ont in the appended claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, the letter A designates the frame or casing of the incubator, having a removableor `hinged cover B. Y i

C designates a lamp support or chamber lo cated centrally underneath the bottom of the frame or case A and O is a lamp therein.

D designates a heater having a double or hollow wall which forms a receptacle d for water or other heat circulating medium. This receptacle surrounds both at the sides and at the topa central chamber D', which gradu`- allytapers or increases in diameter from its lower open end upward in the form of an inverted frustum of a cone, and causes a corresponding .decrease in the capacity of the chamber dfrom its lower end upward. The heat from thelamp is conducted into the chamber D', whose peculiar form, as above described, not only oiers an increased heating surface, but also causes the `water in the chamber d to become more highly heated, owing to the gradually diminishing sheet or layer thereof present in the said chamber. Leading outward from the upper portion of said chamber d are four pipes or `tubes a, which extend underneath the case A,

one to each corner portion thereof, from whence they extend upward to the upper portion of the case, and terminate each in an inward horizontal arm a', which discharges into a tank E. At the central portion of said tank is an opening b which communicates with a pipe E', `leading to the front of the case and thence downward and discharging into the lower portion of the chamber d. The capacity of the pipe E should equal the combined capacities of the pipes a. Said pipes a enter the tank at the corner portions thereof, and extend toward the center. This arrangement of pipes, it will be seen, affords means for a continuous circulation, the cooler water passing to the center of the tank and back to the heater, while the more highly heated water is atthe corner portions of the tank andin the pipes a. a

E2 designates a removable cover. for the tank', said cover havingiianges at its edges which tit over the edges of the tank. The cover E2 has a hollow tubular projection e, which projects out through the cover B ofthe case, and has a `screw cap e which may be removed for filling. v

c is a pipe which extends from the heater to the side` of the case, and provides means for drawing oif the water from the heater.

F designates the egg chamber which is situated in the upper portion of the caseA, below the tank E, which forms the top to said chamber, and F', F are egg trays supported in said chamber. In the drawings I have IOO shown a machine having two egg trays but it will be understood that I may use as many of these trays as may be desired. The trays F', F are preferably made of metal so that they will not warp or swell, and thereby cause them to bind or stick on the guides or ways upon which they slide. The bottoms of the trays are slotted and are covered with cloth f', or other yielding material. The egg turners F2 are also of metal, preferably, and consist each of a rectangular frame resting upon flanges f2 of the trays, and free to move thereon. The filling for the trays consists of wires g, crossing each other at right angles, and leaving openings for the eggs. At each point where the wires cross each other they are soldered together, thus giving them the necessary strength. At the same time they are more yielding than wooden or other rigid strips. Wire is also preferred for the purpose in that it gives the frames greater ca# pacity. On each frame is a projection or lug g' which is designed to be engaged by a crank g2 of a rock shaft G which extends transversely over the tray, and extends through the casing at one end where it is provided with an operating crank. Each tray is provided preferably with its own rock shaft, as shown in the drawings. The operations of these shafts impart a longitudinal movement to the turners, and cause them to turn the egg. yThe egg trays may be readily removed Without interferring with said shafts. The pipes a a where they pass through the egg chamber are exposed, and as they are at the corner portions of said chamber they supply the heat where it is most desired. Underneath the egg trays are four evaporating pans H, one in each corner portion of the chamber, and supported each upon a pivotal block H. Leading from each pipe a is a small pipe Zt which extends to the pan H at that portion of the chamber, and has its closed end portion bent downwardly therein, as seen at h. These pipes are kept heated by the hot water from the pipes a, and serve to heat the water in the pans, thereby providing for the evaporation of a suflicient amount of moisture in the chamber. By swinging the blocks H on their pivots from underneath the pans,

the latter may be readily removed for lling, more or less water being placed therein as may be desired.

designates a series of small openings leading outward through the walls of the chamber F, and closed by small pivoted slides t" on the outside of the case. These openings provide means for quickly lowering the temperature of the egg. chamber should it be desired.

I is adoor to the egg chamber at the front, and I', I are smaller doors at the sides. These doors are shown as having glass covered openings I2. Each of said doors is made y to seat flush into the casing in a tight manner.

opening j in the bottom thereof. There is a door J at each end of said brooding chamber, one of said doors having a glass covered opening.

K is a false bottom for the brooding chamber, said bottom being removable through one of the doors J. Said bottom has an opening 7c therein arranged to register with the openingj.

L designates a run-way attachment for the brooding chamber, said attachment comprising a bottom board Z, which is attached tothe door J', side pieces Z Z hinged to said bottom board and adapted to fold thereon, an end piece Z2 hinged to the door, and a rear end piece Z3. The part Z3 is not hinged to the bottom board, but is removably supported thereon, and held by the pressure of the sides Z', Z against cleats or blocks Z4 thereon.

When not in use, the side pieces and end pieces are folded down onto the bottom piece, and the whole, together with thefalse bottom K, placed in the brooding chamber. The end piece Z3 in folding is removed and placed upon the bottom in the manner shown in Fig. 4.-.

IVhen it is desired to use the attachment, the door J is removed, bringing with it the run-way; the side and end pieces are adj ust? ed, and the rear end of the bottom boardZ is inserted into the opening for the door. The forward end is supported by legs m m which are pivoted to the attachment at their upper ends, and when not in use fold up alongside of the lateral edges of the board Z.

Openings n in the rear end board Z3 permit the chickens to pass from the brooding chamher to the run-way. A slide M is provided to close said openings n when it is desired to shut the chickens within the brooding chamber. The said slide is shown as consisting of a strip working in guides M on the said end piece, and having an opening fndesigned to register with` one of the openings n. The slide is short enough when in such position to leave open the other opening. The exact arrangement and combination of the slide is however not essential.

The false bottom K maybe readily removed and cleaned.

The manner of heating the egg chamber asabove described, is particularly effective, for the reason that the location of aheating pipe at each corner portion thereof insures the heating of all `portions of the chamber alike.

Suitable heal-,regulating devices, not shown, may be employed.

The heat utilized in heating the brooding chamber, as described, would otherwise be radiated off and lost.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-'- l. In an incubator, the combination with the case having the egg-chamber F situated in the upper portion of said case, of the tank above said egg chamber, the brooding chamber J immediately below said egg chamber,

IOO

IIO

the heater underneath said brooder, an air passage from said heater into said broeder, hot water pipesleading from said heater and extending up through the corner portions of the said case and discharging into said tank, said pipes being exposed when` they pass through said brooding and egg chambers, a

return pipe leading from the center of said tank to the lower portion` of said heater, evaporating pans in saidegg chamber, and connections with the water pipes for supplying heat to said pans, substantially as speci-l fied.

2. In an incubator,thecombination of an egg chamber, a tank above said chamber, a heater below said chamber, a pipe leading from said heater upward through each corner portion of' said chamber and entering said tank, a return pipe from said tank to theber, said heater having a water chamber CZ,

surrounding a central heating chamber D', said heating chamber D increasing in diameter from its lower end upwardly, and causing a corresponding decrease in the diameter of the chamber cZ, a system of hot water pipes leading from the upper portion of said chamber CZ through the corner portions of the egg chamber to the said tank, and a return pipe from said tank to said chamber, d, substantially as specified.

4. In an incubator, the combination with an egg chamber, and egg trays therein, of a series of hot water pipes extending through the corner portions of said chamber, a series of water pans underneath said trays, and pipes leading from said hot water pipes into said pans, substantially as specified.`

5. In an incubator, the combination with an egg chamber, andthe hot water pipes leading therethrough, of a series of open pans therein, movable supports for said pans, and pipes leading from said hot water pipes to said pans, 5 O

substantially as specified. y

6. In an incubator, the combination of an egg tray having a slotted bottom, a yielding covering for said bottom the egg turner slidably supported in said tray, and consisting of a rectangular frame and a lling composed of wires crossing each other at right anglesand fastened to each other at each point of crossing, the meshes of said filling being sufficiently coarse to receive the eggs, a lug or projection g on the said frame, and a crankshaft havinga crank arranged to engage said lug, whereby'said turner may be reciprocated, substantially as specified.

'7. Inan incubator, the combination with a brooding chamber, of a run-way attachment, said run-way having a bottom portion, legs adapted to fold up against said bottom portion, and sides and ends adapted to be assembled upon said bottom portion in compact arrangement whereby when the device is not in use, it maybe slid into and contained within said chamber, substantially as specified.

8. In an incubator, the combination with a brooding chamber and a door therefor, of a run-way attached to said door, said run-wa comprising a bottom board, side pieces Z', Z', hinged to said bottom board, an end piece Z2, a rear end piece Z3, having openings therethrough, a slide arranged to close said openings when desired, and legs, said legs and side pieces, and the end piece Z2 being arranged to fold upon and against the bottom piece, the end piece Z3, and its slide being removable, and capable of being placed in compact posi- `tion upon "said bottom piece whereby the entire run-way may be slid into and contained in said brooding chamber, substantially as specified.

9.` An incubator and brooder comprising essentially the case A, the tankat the upper portion of said case, the egg chamber underneath said tank, the egg holding and egg turning devices, the brooding chamber immediately below said egg chamber, the run-Way having folding sides, ends and legs and normally contained in said brooding chamber, the heater below said brooding chamber, the hot-water pipes leading from the water chamber of'said heater up through the corner portions of said case, said pipes being exposed Where they pass through said brooding and eggchambers, the evaporating pans in said egg-chamber, the closed` pipes leading from the hotwater pipes to said pans, and a return pipe from the said tank to the heater, substantially as specified.-

In testimony whereof Iaflix mysignature in presence of two witnesses.

HUBER R. DAVIS.

Witnesses:

w. w. Brise, HARRY DENNIS.`

too 

